Why was Rome called Rome or the Eternal City. The names of the planets of the solar system: where do they come from? Which planet does not bear the name of a god

We all know the names of the planets of the solar system well, but why were they named that way? Most of the planets were named after Roman gods, with only one exception. The site prepared an article about how the planets got their names.
The solar system includes 8 (recently scientists proved the existence of the 9th planet, but it does not yet have a name) of the planets, of which half belong to the terrestrial group: these are Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. They are also called the inner planets, in contrast to the outer giant planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune, located outside the ring of minor planets.

1. Mercury
The closest planet to the Sun in the solar system is named after the ancient Roman god of commerce, the fleet-footed Mercury, as it moves through the celestial sphere faster than other planets.

2. Venus
The second planet in the solar system was named after the ancient Roman goddess of love, Venus. This is the brightest object in the earth's sky after the Sun and the Moon and the only planet in the solar system named after a female deity.

3. Earth
The third planet from the Sun and the fifth largest among all the planets in the solar system has had its current name since 1400, but it is not known who exactly named it. The English Earth originated from an 8th-century Anglo-Saxon word meaning earth or ground. This is the only planet in the solar system with a name that is not related to Roman mythology.

4. Mars
The seventh largest planet in the solar system has a reddish tint to its surface, imparted by iron oxide. With such a "bloody" association, the object was named after the ancient Roman god of war Mars.

5. Jupiter
The largest planet in the solar system is named after the ancient Roman supreme god of thunder.

6. Saturn
Saturn is the slowest planet in the solar system, which is symbolically reflected in its first name: it was given in honor of the ancient Greek god of time Kronos. In Roman mythology, the god of agriculture Saturn turned out to be an analogue of Kronos, and as a result, this name was assigned to the planet.

7. Uranus
The third largest and fourth largest planet in the solar system was discovered in 1781 by the English astronomer William Herschel. The tradition of naming the planets was continued, and the international community named the new celestial body in honor of the father of Kronos, the Greek god of the sky, Uranus.

8. Neptune
Discovered on September 23, 1846, Neptune was the first planet discovered through mathematical calculations, and not through regular observations. The large blue giant (this color is due to the hue of the atmosphere) is named after the Roman god of the seas.

Pluto in 2006 lost the status of a planet in the solar system and was classified as a dwarf planet and the largest object in the Kuiper belt. It has been in the status of the ninth planet of the solar system since its discovery in 1930. The name "Pluto" was first proposed by an eleven-year-old schoolgirl from Oxford, Venetia Burney. She was interested not only in astronomy, but also in classical mythology, and decided that this name - the ancient Roman version of the name of the Greek god of the underworld - was best suited for a dark, distant and cold world. Astronomers chose this option by voting.

The solar system includes the central star and all natural space objects revolving around it. It was formed by gravitational compression of a gas and dust cloud about 4.57 billion years ago. The solar system includes 8 * planets, of which half belong to the terrestrial group: these are Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. They are also called the inner planets, in contrast to the outer giant planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune, located outside the ring of minor planets.

1. Mercury
The closest planet to the Sun in the solar system is named after the ancient Roman god of trade, swift-footed Mercury, as it moves through the celestial sphere faster than other planets.

2. Venus
The second planet in the solar system was named after the ancient Roman goddess of love, Venus. This is the brightest object in the earth's sky after the Sun and the Moon and the only planet in the solar system named after a female deity.

3. Earth
The third planet from the Sun and the fifth largest among all the planets in the solar system has had its current name since 1400, but who exactly named it that way is unknown. The English Earth originated from an 8th-century Anglo-Saxon word meaning earth or ground. This is the only planet in the solar system with a name that is not related to Roman mythology.

4. Mars
The seventh largest planet in the solar system has a reddish tint to its surface, imparted by iron oxide. With such a "bloody" association, the object was named after the ancient Roman god of war Mars.

5. Jupiter
The largest planet in the solar system is named after the ancient Roman supreme god of thunder. 6. Saturn Saturn is the slowest planet in the solar system, which is symbolically reflected in its first name: it was given in honor of the ancient Greek god of time Kronos. In Roman mythology, the god of agriculture Saturn turned out to be an analogue of Kronos, and as a result, this name was assigned to the planet.

7. Uranus
The third largest and fourth largest planet in the solar system was discovered in 1781 by the English astronomer William Herschel. The tradition of naming the planets was continued, and the international community named the new celestial body in honor of the father of Kronos, the Greek god of the sky, Uranus.

8. Neptune
Discovered on September 23, 1846, Neptune was the first planet discovered through mathematical calculations, and not through regular observations. The large blue giant (this color is due to the hue of the atmosphere) is named after the Roman god of the seas.

Pluto in 2006, it lost the status of a planet in the solar system and was classified as a dwarf planet and the largest object in the Kuiper belt. It has been in the status of the ninth planet of the solar system since its discovery in 1930. The name "Pluto" was first proposed by an eleven-year-old schoolgirl from Oxford, Venetia Burney. She was interested not only in astronomy, but also in classical mythology, and decided that this name - the ancient Roman version of the name of the Greek god of the underworld - was best suited for a dark, distant and cold world. Astronomers chose this option by voting.

Look at the model of the solar system created in the American desert.

* Recently scientists . Since it does not yet have a full name, and research is still ongoing, we did not include it in the above list..

The capital of Italy, the city of Rome, is a historical place, the ancient capital of the Roman Empire, as well as one of the oldest, oldest cities that exist on planet Earth.

Of course, this is a wonderful, wonderful city, which annually attracts millions of tourists and travelers who want to get closer to the beautiful, to get acquainted with its sights, which are literally on every corner in Rome. That is why this city deserves to be mentioned in the framework of our articles, answering some questions that relate to its name.

Why was the city of Rome named Rome?

The city of Rome, Rome or Roma today is known, perhaps, to any person on planet Earth. You can make a mistake and not answer the question of where Madagascar is located, or what is the name of the capital of Australia, but any child probably knows where Rome is located and the capital of which country it is.

But that's why Rome was called Rome, probably not everyone knows. However, now this is not a problem, because below we will deal with this issue.

Considering that the city existed in times before our era, and to be more precise - in 753 BC, the history of its name is more like a legend. She claims that this city was formed by two brothers, whose names were Romulus and Remus. They were fed by a she-wolf. Despite blood ties, there was enmity between the brothers, which arose because of the unwillingness to share power in the city, which in the future was called Rome. As for the name itself, it was given to the city in honor of Romulus, who defeated his brother in battle.

As you know, in Latin the name of Rome sounds like Rome or Roma, which became a derivative of the name Romulus.

Why is Rome called the "Eternal City"

Just as St. Petersburg is called the cultural capital and Barcelona the capital of Catalonia, Rome also has its unofficial name, which sounds like the “Eternal City”. It is noteworthy that the origin of such a name goes deep into history.

This name arose precisely because Rome, as we have already noted, is one of the oldest cities on the planet. And they began to call the capital of the Roman Empire that way back in the third century BC.

It is also noteworthy that Rome was also called the city on seven hills, since it is located in a very specific area. Initially, the settlement of the first inhabitants of the city was located only on one of the hills - on the Palatine, but over time, the rest of the nearby hills began to be settled, which led to the fact that Rome spread over all 7 hills, which are relatively close to each other.

Who/what is the planet Mars named after? and got the best answer

Answer from Ira stepanova[guru]
Mars. The red planet is named Mars after the Roman god of war.
He was not only the god of war, he was associated with the concepts of fertility, vitality and nature in general. If he was associated with the war, then only with the fair.
The names of its two small moons, "Phobos" and "Deimos", translated from Greek mean "fear" and "horror". These Martian moons are most likely asteroids captured from the so-called "asteroid belt" located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. .
The symbol of the planet represent the shield spear of Mars. It is also a symbol of Tuesday (the English word Тvesday comes from the name of the Teutonic god Tiu, who was identified with Mars: in Latin this day was called dies Martis, "day of Mars", hence the French mardi), The sign also corresponds to iron, the metal most associated with this god . Since the middle of the 18th century, this symbol has been used in biology to designate a male.
Source: link

Answer from Margulis Natalia[expert]
In honor of the ancient Roman god of war, because of the reddish tint that the Romans thought looked like blood. The symbol of the planet is the shield and spear of Mars.

Answer from Mikhail Morozov[guru]
The planet Mars in ancient times was named after the god of war for its blood-red color, which immediately catches the eye and is even more noticeable when observed through a telescope. In the time of Pythagoras (VI century BC), the Greeks called this planet "Phaeton", which means "shining, radiant", Aristotle (IV century BC) called Mars "Ares" by the name of the god of war.
This planet is named after Mars, the ancient Roman god of war, corresponding to the ancient Greek Ares.

Answer from Irina Kasyanova[active]
in honor of the god mars

Answer from Vera Spitsyna[newbie]
god of war

Answer from Salex_101k[newbie]
god of War

Answer from Maria Saam[newbie]
in honor of the ancient Roman god of war

Answer from Ѓzb@G0en|Y o_O[newbie]
Mars is named after a Roman god. God of War.
Mars is red.
What does blood mean.

Answer from 3 answers[guru]

Hello! Here is a selection of topics with answers to your question: Who/what is the planet Mars named after?

The modern names of the five planets came to us from ancient Greek and Roman mythology: Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn have been observed by man throughout history. Even the first peoples in Egypt and Mesopotamia laid down the tradition of naming the heavenly bodies by the name of the deities of their pantheon. The Greeks, giving names to the planets, were also guided by their movement and appearance. And the Romans, after the conquest of Greece, renamed the celestial bodies by analogy with their pantheon.

So, among the Greeks, the first planet of the solar system was called Hermes.- in honor of the fleet-footed god of trade, who was the messenger of Zeus and, with the help of sandals with wings, could move in space with lightning speed. The Romans named her Mercury. Surely, ancient astronomers also took into account the fact that Mercury moves around the celestial sphere faster than other planets.

Venus is named after the goddess of love and beauty.- she was the brightest body in the sky after the Sun and the Moon, for which she was also called the morning and evening dawn. It is the only planet in the system named after a female deity.

The earth is out of order for the reason that until the 16th century it was not considered a planet, as such. Despite the fact that in Greek mythology her patron goddess was Gaia, who symbolized fertility, it was not customary to associate her with the earth under her feet. And the name for our planet was fixed only in 1400.

About Mars, scientists are not entirely unanimous: he was originally considered the god of fertility, and later became associated with the Greek Ares, the deity of war. In both cases, the name was due to the reddish hue of the planet's surface, which matched both the first and second descriptions.

Jupiter got its name in honor of the most important god of the pantheon.(for the Greeks it was Zeus), which symbolized the very sky and light. In Mesopotamian culture, by the way, the planet was called "Mulubabbar", and in Chinese - "Sui-Sin".

The Greeks called Saturn Kronos- in honor of the ancient Greek god of time and the fact that this is the slowest planet in the system. The analogue in Roman mythology was the god Saturn, who also patronized agriculture.

The following planets were discovered much later, but according to tradition they also received the names of the gods of the Roman pantheon.

In 1781, English astronomer William Herschel discovered Uranus, who wanted to be named after King George III. The astronomical community, on the other hand, insisted that the planet bear the name of its discoverer. The name of the new cosmic body Uranus was proposed by the astronomer Johann Bode, pointing out the expediency of continuing to use mythological names. Despite this, the name came into wide use only after 1850.

Neptune became the first planet not discovered by observation, but thanks to precise mathematical calculations. Its existence in 1846 was independently proven by two astronomers - D.K. Adams and I. Galle based on the calculations of W. Le Verrier. Initially, the planet was planned to be called Janus, then Neptune, but Le Verrier unexpectedly changed his mind and wished that the new celestial body was named after him. Outside of France, he was not supported.